《植物生理学报》 2017, 53(4): 641-648

东北玉簪和白玉簪叶片水分利用效率的差异及原因分析

康伟健^1,*, 刘东焕^2,*, 赵世伟², 高辉远^1,**

¹山东农业大学生命科学学院/作物生物学国家重点实验室, 山东泰安271018; ²北京市植物园, 北京市花卉园艺工程技术研究中心/城乡生态环境北京实验室, 北京100083

通信作者：康伟健；E-mail: gaohy@sdau.edu.cn

摘　要：

本研究比较了东北玉簪和白玉簪气孔形态对气孔功能和水分利用效率的影响。结果表明, 东北玉簪的气孔密度远高于白玉簪, 但气孔孔径略小于后者。强光下, 东北玉簪的光合速率、气孔导度和水分利用效率均高于白玉簪, 但弱光下差异较小。水分胁迫下, 两者的光合速率和气孔导度等均迅速降低, 强光能够增强水分胁迫下两种玉簪水分利用效率的差异, 且东北玉簪的气孔对强光和水分胁迫的交互作用更加敏感。据此, 玉簪种间气孔形态差异对水分利用效率的影响在很大程度上受光环境的调控, 东北玉簪较小的气孔、较大的气孔密度以及较强的气孔敏感性对其在强光与水分胁迫下维持较高的水分利用效率起重要作用。

关键词：玉簪; 气孔密度; 气孔敏感性; 气孔导度; 水分利用效率

收稿：2017-01-04   修定：2017-03-01

资助：北京市科技计划(Z141100006014036和D151100005415003)。

Causes of differences in water use efficiency between Hosta ensata and H. plantaginea leaves

KANG Wei-Jian^1,*, LIU Dong-Huan^2,*, ZHAO Shi-Wei², GAO Hui-Yuan^1,**

¹State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China; ²Beijing Floriculture Engineering Technology Research Centre, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Beijing Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China

Corresponding author: KANG Wei-Jian; E-mail: gaohy@sdau.edu.cn

Abstract:

The effects of stomatal morphology on stomatal function and water use efficiency were compared between two Hosta varieties (Hosta ensata and Hosta plantaginea). The results showed that the stomatal density of Hosta ensata was much higher than that of Hosta plantaginea, but the stomatal aperture was slightly smaller than the latter. The obvious differences of photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and water use efficiency were observed in strong light, but not in weak light. The photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance decreased rapidly under water stress, and strong light enhanced the difference of water use efficiency between the Hosta ensata and Hosta plantaginea. The stomata of Hosta ensata were more sensitive to the interaction between light and water stress than that of Hosta plantaginea. Based on the results, the differences of stomatal morphology between Hosta varieties affect water use efficiency, which depends on light intensity greatly. The smaller stomata, larger stomatal density and stronger stomatal sensitivity of Hosta ensata may play an important role in maintaining high water use efficiency under strong light and water stress.

Key words: Hosta; stomatal density; stomatal sensitivity; stomatal conductance; water use efficiency